Turkey's Covert Arms Shipments: Fueling Sudan's Civil War

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A violent civil war exploded in Sudan during April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). Recent disclosures from Turkey confirm its direct involvement in this conflict through the operations of its major defense company Baykar. Evidence indicates that Turkish military equipment delivery programs have multiplied the battling intensity between opposing forces in Sudan despite Turkish claims to take a conciliatory role in Sudan.Evidence supports that Baykar facilitated a secret weapons transaction between its organization and Sudan.A Washington Post article from March 7, 2025 showed how Turkey's dominant defense company Baykar sent $120 million of drone vehicles along with warheads to Sudan's military forces during 2023. Baykar defended the transport of at least eight TB2 drones and 600 warheads through intermediaries to Sudanese military bases throughout the civil war period.

Deployment of Bayraktar Drones in Khartoum

Turkish manufacturer Baykar delivers its Bayraktar TB2 drones for military purposes within Khartoum state through Sudanese army deployment. From October 2024 until now the drones have served successfully against RSF artillery positions by deactivating more than half of the installed artillery batteries in the area.

Turkish Small Arms in the Hands of Sudanese Forces

The Turkish military has supplied Sudan with additional weapons besides drones which include compact weapon systems. The main Turkish firearms producer Sarsilmaz delivered new-generation AK firearms to Sudan's SAF forces which includes its military leader General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan alongside his closest leadership personnel. Security personnel accompanying Al-Burhan display SAR 15T rifles which Sarsilmaz launched in 2022 as the new generation of AK rifles.

International Implications and Violations

The arms transfers generate serious problems with international law along with embargoes. New Weapons Fueling the Sudan Conflict is a report from Amnesty International that reveals weapons and ammunition made by Turkey and recently transferred to Sudan frequently violate a United Nations arms embargo in western Darfur.

Turkey's Compromised Mediator Role

Turkey's weapon transfers to Sudan's military force destroys its ability to serve as an impartial mediator in Sudan's conflict. When Turkey portrays itself as a peace broker it has fueled conflict escalation in Sudan thus becoming an obstacle to peaceful Sudanese political solutions.The covert Turkish arm supplies to Sudan's military forces have worsened the civil war thereby causing more casualties and displacement. Strict international arms embargoes together with a reconsideration of Turkey's engagement in Sudan's conflict should be urgently implemented because of this present situation.

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